Questions:
1. Why do we need hierarchy of organisms ?
We divide organisms from biggest to smallest and vice versa. It's because we need some kind of organization. If we would need to find a specific animal and we know where it lives it's easier for us to search for the specific animal in its community than to search through out the whole animal world . As well as if we're examining molecule as the smallest parts of our body we need the hierarchy to be able to describe what will the specific molecule form.
2. What is the chemical basis for all of life's kinship
It's DNA. The genetic material important for all living things. In DNA are hidden informations that forms life as we know. Everyday the DNA gives informations to the body as how to work and tells the body what is it supposed to do. New technologies allows us to solve the way DNA modifies our body. Now we can import DNA from one organism to another we're able to find potential diseases and many other things. That's the reason why is DNA and the study of DNA so important.
3. What are the three domains of life ?
Domain Bacteria and Domain Archaea. They both consists of prokaryotes (group of cells that lack cell's nucleus) They are microscopic. Bacteria are the most diverse and widespread prokaryotes. On the other hand many prokaryotes known as Archaea are living in extreme environments such boiling hot springs and salty water etc.
Domain Eukarya consists of eukaryotic cells (cells with complex structure including cell membrane). Into this group belong Kingdom Animalia, Kingdom Fungi, Kingdom Plantae etc...
Eukaryotic organism are more complex in structure.
Diagram :
This diagram describes the hierarchy of life. Especially this one describes the life forms from their smallest parts to their biggest. It also shows non-living particles of life.
5facts :
1. Hierarchy of organism is one big topic in biology. It categorizes all forms of life.
2. All life is divided into 3 domains of life. Domain Bacteria, Domain Archea and Domain Eukarya. Domains Bacteria and Archea are composed from eukaryotic cells, on the other hand Domain Eukarya is composed of eukaryotic cells.
3. Darwin's evolution theory was big progress in science as we know it today. This theory explains the diversity of life.
4. All forms of life have common features :
1. Order
2. Regulation
3. Growth and development
4. Energy processing
5. Response to the environment
6. Reproduction
7. Evolutionary adaptation
5. Cells are the functional units of life. Cell are the one the performing basically all life functions because everything is made out of cells.
Key terms:
Hypothesis - proposed explanation for a set of observations.
Theory - is much broader in scope. It explains a great diversity of observations and is supported by a large body of evidence. Good hypothesis leads to predictions.
Evolution - today living species are descendants of ancestral species. Author of this theory is Darwin. This theory talks about how all organism are going through evolution in order to survive in their enviroment.
DNA - genetic information responsible for heredity and for programming the production of an organism's molecules.
Cell - the basic unit of life, the lowest level of organization that can perform all activities required for life.
Emergent properties - "the whole is greater than sum" This means that the life form is composed of cells, however all cells can't do the same work as cell that composed other structures.
Natural selection - mechanism for evolution. This idea describes the way certain traits are eliminated from population to make the population stronger.
Darwin - scientist in 19th century. As his biggest contribution to the science was evolution theory and mechanism called natural selection.
Controlled experiment - experiment that compares experimental group with a control group.
Video :
Summarize:
Chapter 1 was introducing chapter in a way it describes the organizations of life, themes of
biology such as evolution. Also it introduces us to the definitions of theories and laws and
hypothesis. At the end of chapter we can read about the connection between biology and
technology and their influence in our everyday life.
